The colony stimulating factors discovery, development, and clinical applications

The development of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in its various clinical applications.

HE PRODUCTION of neutrophil granulocytes is a T complex and dynamic process during which a small number of self-renewing stem cells give rise to lineagespecific progenitors that proliferate and mature in the bone marrow, subsequently entering the blood as mature polymorphonuclear leukocytes. One hematopoietic glycoprotein that appears to specifically control the survival, cycle activation, prol...

Clinical applications of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF).

Colony stimulating factors and macrophage heterogeneity

Macrophages or mononuclear phagocytes are heterogeneous populations present throughout the body which can adapt quite dramatically to the surrounding milieu, both in the steady state and during immune/inflammatory responses. To assist in our understanding of this diversity, they have been classified into polarization or “activation” states, termed M1 and M2, respectively. This in vitro classifi...

The Effect of Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor Administration on Preterm Infant with Neutropenia and Clinical Sepsis: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract Background This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical effect of Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (GCSF) on prognosis of neonatal sepsis. Materials and Methods Present study is a double- blinded randomized clinical trial, conducted on 46 preterm infants with neutropenia (Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) ≤ 5000 / μL) and clinical sepsis. Infants were randomly allocated ...

Haemopoietic colony stimulating factors for preterm neonates.

Bacterial and fungal sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. Infection rates are high in infants treated in intensive care units, with the highest rates, of around 30%, occurring in extremely immature preterm neonates. A survey of neonatal infection at Yale University, ongoing since 1928, has documented a decline in neonatal septic deaths commensurate with the establishm...